Linux websever 5.15.0-153-generic #163-Ubuntu SMP Thu Aug 7 16:37:18 UTC 2025 x86_64
Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu)
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8.1.2-1ubuntu2.23
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drwxr-xr-x
GET
15.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
HEAD
15.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
NF
963
B
-rwxr-xr-x
POST
15.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
VGAuthService
134.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
[
50.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-enabled
34.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-exec
34.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aa-features-abi
30.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ab
58.43
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
add-apt-repository
14.14
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
addpart
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
addr2line
26.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-bug
2.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-cli
13.05
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-collect
2.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apport-unpack
2.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
appres
14.3
KB
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apropos
47.28
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt
18.38
KB
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apt-add-repository
14.14
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-cache
82.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-cdrom
26.47
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-rwxr-xr-x
apt-config
26.39
KB
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apt-extracttemplates
22.47
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apt-ftparchive
230.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
apt-get
50.47
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-rwxr-xr-x
apt-key
27.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
apt-mark
50.47
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-rwxr-xr-x
apt-sortpkgs
38.4
KB
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ar
54.48
KB
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arborist
2.15
KB
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arch
30.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_chk
4.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
aria_dump_log
4.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
aria_ftdump
4.31
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
aria_pack
4.34
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-rwxr-xr-x
aria_read_log
4.46
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as
456.4
KB
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attr
14.3
KB
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audit2allow
14.84
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audit2why
14.84
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automat-visualize3
405
B
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awk
688.46
KB
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b2sum
50.51
KB
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base32
34.5
KB
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base64
34.5
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basename
34.5
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basenc
46.5
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bash
1.33
MB
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bashbug
6.66
KB
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bc
90.82
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boltctl
122.98
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bootctl
70.49
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broadwayd
118.3
KB
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25.46
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btrfs
844.13
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btrfs-convert
483.25
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439.33
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btrfs-image
467.25
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439.25
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439.25
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btrfsck
844.13
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btrfstune
443.26
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bunzip2
38.38
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busctl
90.49
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busybox
2.09
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byobu
8.17
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byobu-config
996
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byobu-ctrl-a
4.66
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byobu-disable
1.26
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byobu-disable-prompt
1.31
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byobu-enable
1.15
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byobu-enable-prompt
1.42
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byobu-export
1.32
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byobu-janitor
6.29
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byobu-keybindings
1.47
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byobu-launch
3.25
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byobu-launcher
1.87
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byobu-launcher-install
2.4
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byobu-launcher-uninstall
1.52
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byobu-layout
3.27
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byobu-prompt
1.13
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byobu-quiet
1.38
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3.22
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8.17
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byobu-select-backend
1.42
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byobu-select-profile
5
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1012
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byobu-shell
1.56
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1.28
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byobu-status
5.87
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byobu-status-detail
1.18
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byobu-tmux
8.17
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byobu-ugraph
4.56
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byobu-ulevel
11.71
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bzcat
38.38
KB
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bzcmp
2.17
KB
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bzdiff
2.17
KB
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bzegrep
3.69
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bzexe
4.78
KB
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bzfgrep
3.69
KB
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bzgrep
3.69
KB
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bzip2
38.38
KB
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bzip2recover
14.3
KB
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bzless
1.27
KB
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bzmore
1.27
KB
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c++
906.82
KB
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c++filt
22.27
KB
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c89
428
B
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c89-gcc
428
B
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c99
454
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c99-gcc
454
B
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c_rehash
6.8
KB
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2.78
KB
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captoinfo
86.41
KB
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cat
34.45
KB
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catman
34.76
KB
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cautious-launcher
853
B
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cc
906.82
KB
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certbot
961
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cftp3
956
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cgi-fcgi
18.15
KB
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chage
70.49
KB
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chardet
965
B
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chardetect
965
B
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14.31
KB
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chcat
13.52
KB
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chcon
58.5
KB
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checkgid
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
checkmodule
434.98
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
checkpolicy
491.1
KB
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chfn
71.01
KB
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chgrp
54.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chmod
54.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
choom
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
chown
58.5
KB
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chrt
26.38
KB
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chsh
43.76
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
chvt
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cifsdd
90.92
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
cifsiostat
22.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ckbcomp
146.31
KB
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ckeygen3
962
B
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cksum
34.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clear
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
clear_console
14.23
KB
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cloud-id
972
B
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cloud-init
976
B
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cloud-init-per
2.06
KB
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clusterdb
9.21
KB
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cmake
6.43
MB
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cmp
42.39
KB
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codepage
14.15
KB
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col
22.38
KB
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963
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col2
963
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col3
963
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col4
963
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col5
963
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col6
963
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col7
963
B
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col8
963
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col9
963
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colcrt
14.38
KB
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colrm
14.38
KB
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column
34.38
KB
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comm
34.51
KB
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compose
18.06
KB
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conch3
958
B
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corelist
15.01
KB
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cp
138.5
KB
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cpack
6.38
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
cpan
8.16
KB
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cpan5.34-x86_64-linux-gnu
8.18
KB
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cpio
141.64
KB
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cpp
906.82
KB
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cpp-11
906.82
KB
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createdb
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
createlang
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
createuser
9.21
KB
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crontab
38.64
KB
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csplit
106.5
KB
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ctail
960
B
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ctest
7.33
MB
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ctstat
22.66
KB
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curl
254.23
KB
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cut
38.5
KB
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cvtsudoers
296.4
KB
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dash
122.74
KB
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date
102.5
KB
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dbilogstrip
1.35
KB
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dbiprof
6.06
KB
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dbiproxy
5.27
KB
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dbus-cleanup-sockets
14.29
KB
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dbus-daemon
227.32
KB
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dbus-monitor
26.29
KB
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dbus-run-session
14.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-send
26.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbus-update-activation-environ...
14.29
KB
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dbus-uuidgen
14.29
KB
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dbwrap_tool
26.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dbxtool
26.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dd
66.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deallocvt
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deb-systemd-helper
20.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
deb-systemd-invoke
6.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf
2.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-apt-progress
11.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-communicate
608
B
-rwxr-xr-x
debconf-copydb
1.68
KB
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debconf-escape
647
B
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debconf-set-selections
2.92
KB
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debconf-show
1.78
KB
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debian-distro-info
22.95
KB
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delpart
14.38
KB
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delv
45.32
KB
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df
83.07
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dfu-tool
110.3
KB
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dh_bash-completion
4.31
KB
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dh_numpy3
1.94
KB
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dh_perl_dbi
1.17
KB
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dh_perl_openssl
1.5
KB
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diff
130.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
diff3
54.52
KB
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dig
150.83
KB
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dir
134.97
KB
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dircolors
38.51
KB
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dirmngr
433.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dirmngr-client
54.92
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dirname
30.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
distro-info
22.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dmesg
70.61
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dnsdomainname
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
do-release-upgrade
10.35
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
domainname
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg
310.69
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-architecture
13.51
KB
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dpkg-buildflags
7.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-buildpackage
31.67
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-checkbuilddeps
7.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-deb
134.49
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-distaddfile
2.72
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-divert
118.49
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-genbuildinfo
16.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-genchanges
17.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-gencontrol
14.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-gensymbols
10.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-maintscript-helper
20.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-mergechangelogs
8.69
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-name
6.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-parsechangelog
4.83
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-query
138.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-realpath
4.09
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-scanpackages
8.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-scansources
8.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-shlibdeps
30.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-source
22.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-split
98.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-statoverride
46.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-trigger
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dpkg-vendor
3.19
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-rwxr-xr-x
dropdb
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
droplang
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dropuser
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
du
146.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dumpkeys
158.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dumpmscat
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
dvipdf
1007
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-rwxr-xr-x
dwp
1.82
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
eatmydata
2.74
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-rwxr-xr-x
ec2metadata
8.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
echo
34.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ed
54.49
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
edit
18.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
editor
276.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
editres
72.69
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
egrep
28
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-rwxr-xr-x
eject
42.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
elfedit
34.72
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
enc2xs
40.84
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
encguess
3.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
env
42.94
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
envsubst
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
eps2eps
639
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-rwxr-xr-x
eqn
188.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
esparse
4.83
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
esvalidate
7.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ex
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
exonpairs
123.58
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-rwxr-xr-x
expand
34.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
expiry
22.59
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
expr
106.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
f2py3
957
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-rwxr-xr-x
f2py3.10
960
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-rwxr-xr-x
factor
70.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
faillog
22.59
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-rwxr-xr-x
faked-sysv
30.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
faked-tcp
30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
fakeroot
3.9
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-rwxr-xr-x
fakeroot-sysv
3.9
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-rwxr-xr-x
fakeroot-tcp
3.9
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-rwxr-xr-x
fallocate
22.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
false
26.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
fathom
155.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
fc-cache
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-cat
18.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
fc-conflist
14.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
fc-list
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-match
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-pattern
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-query
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-scan
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fc-validate
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fcgistarter
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
fgconsole
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fgrep
28
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-rwxr-xr-x
filan
46.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
file
26.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
finalrd
2.06
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-rwxr-xr-x
fincore
22.42
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-rwxr-xr-x
find
275.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
findmnt
63.61
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
finger
30.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
flock
22.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fmt
38.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
fold
34.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
forge
139.36
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free
26.23
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178.9
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22.3
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39.31
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34.38
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34.38
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190.3
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82.3
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190.3
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394.92
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906.82
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906.82
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917
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3.29
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22.38
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688.46
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906.82
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906.82
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26.54
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26.54
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26.54
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26.54
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26.54
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gcc-ranlib-11
26.54
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400.01
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400.01
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251.84
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251.84
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275.93
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275.93
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50.38
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14.33
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14.31
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18.39
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26.37
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188.45
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34.29
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38.65
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22.76
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14.23
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22.38
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34.38
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5.07
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14.15
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103.23
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90.4
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14.3
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3.54
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3.54
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552.58
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3.54
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3.54
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50.3
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249.7
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3.04
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70.38
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1
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312.96
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82.99
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115.05
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3.43
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496.48
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126.73
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34.38
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418.9
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26.55
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63.39
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271.04
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200.04
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111.79
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78.82
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178.45
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22.3
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94.5
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2.71
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162.55
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118.52
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34.5
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26.22
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376.95
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816.45
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937.92
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247.86
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1.64
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228.13
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272.42
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361.05
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252.17
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417.66
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256.2
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247.58
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998.47
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493.95
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760.84
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38.24
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828.83
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275.7
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781.34
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14.15
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350
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352
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352
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30.3
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353
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350
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277
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126.48
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34.73
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18.41
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18.46
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14.3
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38.57
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2.29
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932
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6.3
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91.23
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28.54
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59.51
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34.43
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50.39
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42.5
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2.46
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50.39
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11.08
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118.77
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118.82
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30.5
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22.23
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30.38
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38.31
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26.3
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14.3
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277.19
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26.3
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10.58
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26.65
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42.42
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66.41
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38.5
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301.74
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301.74
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62.38
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86.41
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3.57
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445.44
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142.52
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103.23
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4.27
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18.38
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54.44
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702.05
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22.45
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18.38
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38.38
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96.95
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14.2
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398.46
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46.54
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78.39
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26.08
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2.67
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1004
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4.88
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6.85
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1004
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3.77
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1.79
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397
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1.96
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82.44
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14.52
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18.23
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62.83
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14.3
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3.51
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4.79
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961
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30.23
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31.34
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30.3
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30.3
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166.36
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18.45
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14.3
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46.3
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14.3
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26.38
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22.3
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624
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34.38
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34.38
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27.63
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7.6
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1.66
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66.45
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62.45
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62.47
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62.45
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66.45
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62.45
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62.45
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94.48
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14.3
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62.45
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5.32
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194.38
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14.31
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8.83
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23.7
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8.83
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961
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99.75
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15.41
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30.5
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1.54
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3.99
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6.17
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2.63
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26.65
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26.65
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14.73
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58.5
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22.66
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198.76
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30.32
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57.56
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14.15
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26.37
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326.96
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306.55
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34.97
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51.73
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58.48
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30.5
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14.31
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18.38
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114.98
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134.97
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14.31
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3.55
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122.38
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98.38
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901.2
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706
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50.38
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30.7
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50.38
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34.38
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166.36
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38.38
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163.62
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92.08
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1.06
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246.52
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23.73
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48.44
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10.05
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2.65
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2.36
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15.82
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82.52
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6.86
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6.86
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5.87
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5.87
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5.87
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1.76
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82.52
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14.23
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2.11
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154.37
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964
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249.7
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4.79
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117.68
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35.68
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139.94
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1.9
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30.78
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30.32
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4.09
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109.31
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3.86
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3.86
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4.11
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3.86
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3.57
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4.12
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3.94
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8.05
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3.21
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1.22
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34.15
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3.85
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22.46
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3.86
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3.55
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3.86
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48.07
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13.49
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mariadb-service-convert
2.45
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17.56
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3.84
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3.86
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3.55
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3.98
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3.53
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3.86
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26.7
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30.42
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3.51
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969
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mawk
154.79
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mcookie
26.45
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42.41
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42.41
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mdig
50.4
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mdsearch
86.3
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7.32
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memusagestat
22.37
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mesg
14.38
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migrate-pubring-from-classic-g...
2.99
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mimeopen
9.34
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12.76
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mk_modmap
15.78
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66.5
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mkfifo
38.5
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mknod
42.5
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mksquashfs
254.68
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38.5
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mmcli
273.84
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more
42.38
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46.38
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18.38
KB
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50.45
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1.41
KB
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66.73
KB
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mt-gnu
66.73
KB
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72.25
KB
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38.3
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6.43
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134.52
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14.3
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3.54
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3.86
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3.98
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3.85
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3.88
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4.09
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4.12
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3.21
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1.22
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22.46
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3.55
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13.49
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17.56
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3.55
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3.98
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3.53
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109.31
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3.86
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3.86
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4.11
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3.86
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26.7
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30.42
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3.51
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3.94
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8.05
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34.15
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3.85
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-rwxr-xr-x
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3.86
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlrepair
3.86
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48.07
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3.84
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3.86
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71.95
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22.38
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276.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
nawk
688.46
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nc
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nc.openbsd
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
neqn
913
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net
979.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
netcat
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
netstat
154.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
networkctl
102.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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19.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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39.55
KB
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ngettext
34.38
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34.5
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nisdomainname
22.23
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nl
98.56
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nm
43.63
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-rwxr-xr-x
nmblookup
150.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
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26.08
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
node-coveralls
322
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3.37
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26.08
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34.41
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18.23
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54
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npm-arborist
2.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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662
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34.5
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2.77
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3.22
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26.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
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118.82
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-rwxr-xr-x
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30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
nsupdate
74.55
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-rwxr-xr-x
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159.01
KB
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14.38
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26.38
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38.38
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ntfscmp
30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
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42.38
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26.38
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34.38
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54.38
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27.45
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30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
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106.38
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78.86
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-rwxr-xr-x
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26.3
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18.3
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42.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
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86.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
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150.27
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-rwxr-xr-x
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188.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
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7.79
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3.48
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54.53
KB
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270
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oLschema2ldif
26.3
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objcopy
162.54
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-rwxr-xr-x
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365.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
od
66.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
oddjob_request
38.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
oem-getlogs
8.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
on_ac_power
2.18
KB
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open
25.46
KB
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161
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977.8
KB
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22.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
os-prober
4.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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3.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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194.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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58.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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58.57
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
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34.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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16.12
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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186.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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580
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34.5
KB
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2.51
KB
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2.51
KB
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2.51
KB
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61.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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61.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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50.3
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698
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pdf2ps
909
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14.3
KB
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MB
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14.3
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3.63
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44.12
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perldoc
125
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10.61
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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44.12
KB
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3.73
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498
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516
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9.21
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17.02
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9.21
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14.71
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1.2
KB
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6.53
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6.12
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34.53
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22.76
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8.14
KB
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9.21
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9.21
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9.21
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5.21
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9.21
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9.21
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9.21
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5.78
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9.21
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13.46
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33.58
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9.05
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9.21
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30.24
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14.89
KB
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14.89
KB
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14.89
KB
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14.89
KB
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14.89
KB
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5.28
MB
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5.28
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200.04
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276.52
KB
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8.16
KB
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30.38
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50.45
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30.24
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58.65
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58.65
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74.88
KB
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74.88
KB
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ping6
74.88
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34.41
KB
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221
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221
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18.3
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22.3
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58.3
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30.15
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30.24
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22.3
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18.3
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4.43
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22.37
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306.55
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46.3
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34.24
KB
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4.04
KB
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14.68
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10.55
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4.01
KB
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3.57
KB
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9.49
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8.54
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404
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66.57
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54.48
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18.06
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395
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30.38
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50.42
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26.89
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1018
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30.4
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54.3
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13.34
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22.38
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138.45
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631
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KB
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KB
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KB
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26.23
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26.23
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26.23
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14.3
KB
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9.21
KB
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35.32
KB
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35.32
KB
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3.48
KB
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2.58
KB
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4.29
KB
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126.55
KB
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1.12
KB
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34.5
KB
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14.23
KB
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7.63
KB
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12.88
KB
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11.63
KB
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953
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79
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79
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23.67
KB
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23.67
KB
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970
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968
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969
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MB
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5.66
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3.05
KB
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3.05
KB
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702.47
KB
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1.79
KB
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2.4
KB
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54.48
KB
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1.33
MB
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130.59
KB
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98.52
KB
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758.44
KB
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38.41
KB
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38.41
KB
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89
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9.21
KB
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14.38
KB
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3.51
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37.85
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26.31
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26.32
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22.38
KB
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3.54
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130.52
KB
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3.54
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14.38
KB
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30
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1.83
KB
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827.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
rm
58.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
rmdir
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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276.52
KB
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26.38
KB
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208
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1.62
KB
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1.32
MB
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94.59
KB
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12.34
KB
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827.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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506.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
rsync-ssl
5.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
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22.66
KB
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18.06
KB
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3.51
KB
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3.51
KB
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3.51
KB
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run-one-until-success
3.51
KB
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26.54
KB
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3.51
KB
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34.5
KB
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3.61
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3.61
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sadf
390.24
KB
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115.22
KB
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1.52
KB
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17.6
KB
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sar
133.45
KB
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sar.sysstat
133.45
KB
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savelog
10.24
KB
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sbattach
26.54
KB
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sbkeysync
34.74
KB
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sbsiglist
14.6
KB
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sbsign
34.7
KB
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sbvarsign
22.73
KB
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sbverify
34.61
KB
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scandeps
6.45
KB
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scp
130.59
KB
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466.24
KB
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14.15
KB
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script
50.38
KB
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scriptlive
42.38
KB
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scriptreplay
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
scsi_logging_level
8.38
KB
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scsi_mandat
3.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
scsi_readcap
1.3
KB
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scsi_ready
1.09
KB
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scsi_satl
3.74
KB
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scsi_start
1.25
KB
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scsi_stop
1.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
scsi_temperature
936
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sdiff
46.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sechecker
2.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
secon
27.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sed
110.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sediff
77.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sedta
5.56
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-rwxr-xr-x
see
18.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
seinfo
18.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
seinfoflow
5.72
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-rwxr-xr-x
select-editor
2.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
semodule_expand
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
semodule_link
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
semodule_package
14.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
semodule_unpackage
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
semver
4.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sensible-browser
1.26
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-rwxr-xr-x
sensible-editor
1.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
sensible-pager
565
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-rwxr-xr-x
sepolgen
28.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sepolgen-ifgen
4.17
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-rwxr-xr-x
sepolgen-ifgen-attr-helper
222.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
sepolicy
28.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
seq
46.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
sesearch
11.71
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-rwxr-xr-x
session-migration
22.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
sessreg
14.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
sestatus
22.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
setarch
26.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
setfattr
18.59
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-rwxr-xr-x
setfont
50.32
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-rwxr-xr-x
setkeycodes
14.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
setleds
18.21
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-rwxr-xr-x
setlogcons
14.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
setmetamode
14.26
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-rwxr-xr-x
setpci
30.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
setpriv
38.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
setsid
14.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
setterm
34.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
setupcon
38.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
sftp
142.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg
39.55
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-rwsr-xr-x
sg_bg_ctl
14.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_compare_and_write
26.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_copy_results
23.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_dd
54.33
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_decode_sense
14.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_emc_trespass
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_format
39.35
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_get_config
35.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_get_elem_status
26.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_get_lba_status
22.95
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_ident
14.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_inq
119.61
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_logs
150.93
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_luns
22.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_map
18.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_map26
26.7
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_modes
46.08
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_opcodes
35.01
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_persist
36.08
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_prevent
14.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_raw
26.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rbuf
22.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rdac
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_read
26.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_read_attr
36.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_read_block_limits
14.54
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_read_buffer
27.56
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_read_long
14.7
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_readcap
22.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_reassign
14.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_referrals
14.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rep_pip
14.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rep_zones
26.8
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_requests
22.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_reset
14.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_reset_wp
14.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rmsn
14.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_rtpg
14.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_safte
22.7
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sanitize
27.01
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sat_identify
18.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sat_phy_event
19.01
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sat_read_gplog
18.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sat_set_features
18.7
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_scan
18.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_seek
18.88
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_senddiag
27.2
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_ses
119.97
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_ses_microcode
27.36
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_start
18.85
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_stpg
22.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_stream_ctl
18.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sg_sync
14.66
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_test_rwbuf
18.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_timestamp
18.83
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_turs
26.7
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_unmap
22.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_verify
18.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_vpd
114.42
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_wr_mode
22.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_write_buffer
27.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_write_long
14.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_write_same
26.95
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_write_verify
26.79
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_write_x
55.6
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-rwxr-xr-x
sg_xcopy
42.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sg_zone
14.86
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-rwxr-xr-x
sginfo
72.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sgm_dd
38.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sgp_dd
46.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sh
122.74
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sha1sum
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sha224sum
50.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sha256sum
50.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sha384sum
54.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sha512sum
54.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sharesec
38.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
shasum
9.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
showconsolefont
18.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
showkey
18.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
showrgb
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
shred
50.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
shuf
46.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
size
30.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
skill
30.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
slabtop
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sleep
34.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
slogin
827.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
smbcacls
54.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbclient
158.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbcontrol
66.58
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbcquotas
34.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbget
30.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbpasswd
38.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbspool
26.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbstatus
42.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
smbtar
4.81
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-rwxr-xr-x
smbtree
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
snap
16.3
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
snap-hmm
56
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-rwxr-xr-x
snapctl
6.26
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-rwxr-xr-x
snapfuse
38.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
snice
30.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
sntp
109.59
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-rwxr-xr-x
socat
383.62
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-rwxr-xr-x
soelim
30.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sort
98.8
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sos
596
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-rwxr-xr-x
sos-collector
1.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sosreport
1.03
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sotruss
4.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
splain
18.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
split
50.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
splitfont
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sprof
34.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sqfscat
131.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sqfstar
254.68
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ss
125.07
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh
827.04
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-add
166.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-agent
286.43
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
ssh-argv0
1.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-copy-id
12.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-import-id
985
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-import-id-gh
785
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-import-id-lp
785
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-keygen
446.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-keyscan
190.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
sss_ssh_authorizedkeys
30.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
sss_ssh_knownhostsproxy
34.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
stat
78.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
static-sh
2.09
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
stdbuf
42.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
strace
1.88
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
strace-log-merge
1.78
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
streamzip
7.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
strings
30.61
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
strip
162.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
stty
74.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
su
54.38
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
sudo
226.97
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudoedit
226.97
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
sudoreplay
87.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sum
34.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
sync
34.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemctl
1.06
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd
1.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-analyze
1.73
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-ask-password
18.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-cat
18.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-cgls
22.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-cgtop
38.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-cryptenroll
50.53
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-delta
26.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-detect-virt
18.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-escape
22.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-hwdb
118.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-id128
26.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-inhibit
22.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-machine-id-setup
18.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-mount
50.59
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-notify
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-path
18.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-run
62.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-socket-activate
26.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-stdio-bridge
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-sysext
46.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-sysusers
62.68
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-tmpfiles
98.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-tty-ask-password-agent
34.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
systemd-umount
50.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tabs
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tac
102.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tail
66.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tap
20.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tap-mocha-reporter
2.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tap-parser
4.05
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tapestat
26.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tar
505.81
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
taskset
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tbl
126.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tclsh
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tclsh8.6
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tcpdump
1.27
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
tdbbackup
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tdbbackup.tdbtools
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
tdbdump
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tdbrestore
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tdbtool
26.8
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tee
34.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
telnet
107.56
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-rwxr-xr-x
telnet.netkit
107.56
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-rwxr-xr-x
tempfile
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
test
42.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
testparm
42.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tic
86.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tilix
3.17
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
tilix.wrapper
1.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
time
26.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
timedatectl
46.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
timeout
38.94
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tkconch3
962
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-rwxr-xr-x
tload
18.24
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-rwxr-xr-x
tmux
948.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tnftp
178.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
toe
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
top
130.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
touch
90.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tput
26.34
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tr
46.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tracepath
18.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
trial3
958
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-rwxr-xr-x
troff
718.61
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-rwxr-xr-x
true
26.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
truncate
34.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
tset
26.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tsort
46.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
tty
30.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
twist3
958
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-rwxr-xr-x
twistd3
960
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-rwxr-xr-x
tzselect
15.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ua
1018
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-rwxr-xr-x
ubuntu-advantage
1018
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-rwxr-xr-x
ubuntu-bug
2.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ubuntu-core-launcher
147.2
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
ubuntu-distro-info
22.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ubuntu-drivers
16.36
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ubuntu-security-status
22.25
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ucf
40.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ucfq
18.91
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ucfr
10.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
uclampset
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
udevadm
1.08
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
udisksctl
58.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ul
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
umount
34.38
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
uname
34.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unattended-upgrade
97.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unattended-upgrades
97.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
uncompress
2.29
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unexpand
34.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unicode_start
2.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unicode_stop
530
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-rwxr-xr-x
uniq
42.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unlink
30.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unlzma
82.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unmkinitramfs
3.69
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unshare
30.6
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unsquashfs
131.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unxz
82.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unzip
170.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unzipsfx
78.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
unzstd
854.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
update-alternatives
58.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
update-leap
11.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
update-mime-database
58.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
updatedb
98.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
upower
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
uptime
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
usb-devices
4.33
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
usbhid-dump
30.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
usbreset
14.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
users
34.5
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
utmpdump
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
uuidgen
18.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
uuidparse
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vacuumdb
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vacuumlo
9.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vcs-run
6.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vdir
134.97
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vi
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
view
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
viewres
31.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vigpg
2.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vim
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
vim.basic
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
vim.tiny
1.45
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
vimdiff
3.61
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
vimtutor
2.1
KB
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vm-support
9.83
KB
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vmhgfs-fuse
46.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmstat
38.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmtoolsd
74.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-alias-import
42.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-checkvm
14.38
KB
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vmware-hgfsclient
14.38
KB
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vmware-namespace-cmd
22.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-rpctool
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-toolbox-cmd
58.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-vgauth-cmd
18.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-vmblock-fuse
18.78
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vmware-xferlogs
32.33
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
vsftpdwho
54
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w
22.23
KB
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wall
22.38
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watch
26.6
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Code Editor : h2xs
#!/usr/bin/perl eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell BEGIN { pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.' } use warnings; =head1 NAME h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions =head1 SYNOPSIS B<h2xs> [B<OPTIONS> ...] [headerfile ... [extra_libraries]] B<h2xs> B<-h>|B<-?>|B<--help> =head1 DESCRIPTION I<h2xs> builds a Perl extension from C header files. The extension will include functions which can be used to retrieve the value of any #define statement which was in the C header files. The I<module_name> will be used for the name of the extension. If module_name is not supplied then the name of the first header file will be used, with the first character capitalized. If the extension might need extra libraries, they should be included here. The extension Makefile.PL will take care of checking whether the libraries actually exist and how they should be loaded. The extra libraries should be specified in the form -lm -lposix, etc, just as on the cc command line. By default, the Makefile.PL will search through the library path determined by Configure. That path can be augmented by including arguments of the form B<-L/another/library/path> in the extra-libraries argument. In spite of its name, I<h2xs> may also be used to create a skeleton pure Perl module. See the B<-X> option. =head1 OPTIONS =over 5 =item B<-A>, B<--omit-autoload> Omit all autoload facilities. This is the same as B<-c> but also removes the S<C<use AutoLoader>> statement from the .pm file. =item B<-B>, B<--beta-version> Use an alpha/beta style version number. Causes version number to be "0.00_01" unless B<-v> is specified. =item B<-C>, B<--omit-changes> Omits creation of the F<Changes> file, and adds a HISTORY section to the POD template. =item B<-F>, B<--cpp-flags>=I<addflags> Additional flags to specify to C preprocessor when scanning header for function declarations. Writes these options in the generated F<Makefile.PL> too. =item B<-M>, B<--func-mask>=I<regular expression> selects functions/macros to process. =item B<-O>, B<--overwrite-ok> Allows a pre-existing extension directory to be overwritten. =item B<-P>, B<--omit-pod> Omit the autogenerated stub POD section. =item B<-X>, B<--omit-XS> Omit the XS portion. Used to generate a skeleton pure Perl module. C<-c> and C<-f> are implicitly enabled. =item B<-a>, B<--gen-accessors> Generate an accessor method for each element of structs and unions. The generated methods are named after the element name; will return the current value of the element if called without additional arguments; and will set the element to the supplied value (and return the new value) if called with an additional argument. Embedded structures and unions are returned as a pointer rather than the complete structure, to facilitate chained calls. These methods all apply to the Ptr type for the structure; additionally two methods are constructed for the structure type itself, C<_to_ptr> which returns a Ptr type pointing to the same structure, and a C<new> method to construct and return a new structure, initialised to zeroes. =item B<-b>, B<--compat-version>=I<version> Generates a .pm file which is backwards compatible with the specified perl version. For versions < 5.6.0, the changes are. - no use of 'our' (uses 'use vars' instead) - no 'use warnings' Specifying a compatibility version higher than the version of perl you are using to run h2xs will have no effect. If unspecified h2xs will default to compatibility with the version of perl you are using to run h2xs. =item B<-c>, B<--omit-constant> Omit C<constant()> from the .xs file and corresponding specialised C<AUTOLOAD> from the .pm file. =item B<-d>, B<--debugging> Turn on debugging messages. =item B<-e>, B<--omit-enums>=[I<regular expression>] If I<regular expression> is not given, skip all constants that are defined in a C enumeration. Otherwise skip only those constants that are defined in an enum whose name matches I<regular expression>. Since I<regular expression> is optional, make sure that this switch is followed by at least one other switch if you omit I<regular expression> and have some pending arguments such as header-file names. This is ok: h2xs -e -n Module::Foo foo.h This is not ok: h2xs -n Module::Foo -e foo.h In the latter, foo.h is taken as I<regular expression>. =item B<-f>, B<--force> Allows an extension to be created for a header even if that header is not found in standard include directories. =item B<-g>, B<--global> Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file. Extensions that do no make use of static data can ignore this option. =item B<-h>, B<-?>, B<--help> Print the usage, help and version for this h2xs and exit. =item B<-k>, B<--omit-const-func> For function arguments declared as C<const>, omit the const attribute in the generated XS code. =item B<-m>, B<--gen-tied-var> B<Experimental>: for each variable declared in the header file(s), declare a perl variable of the same name magically tied to the C variable. =item B<-n>, B<--name>=I<module_name> Specifies a name to be used for the extension, e.g., S<-n RPC::DCE> =item B<-o>, B<--opaque-re>=I<regular expression> Use "opaque" data type for the C types matched by the regular expression, even if these types are C<typedef>-equivalent to types from typemaps. Should not be used without B<-x>. This may be useful since, say, types which are C<typedef>-equivalent to integers may represent OS-related handles, and one may want to work with these handles in OO-way, as in C<$handle-E<gt>do_something()>. Use C<-o .> if you want to handle all the C<typedef>ed types as opaque types. The type-to-match is whitewashed (except for commas, which have no whitespace before them, and multiple C<*> which have no whitespace between them). =item B<-p>, B<--remove-prefix>=I<prefix> Specify a prefix which should be removed from the Perl function names, e.g., S<-p sec_rgy_> This sets up the XS B<PREFIX> keyword and removes the prefix from functions that are autoloaded via the C<constant()> mechanism. =item B<-s>, B<--const-subs>=I<sub1,sub2> Create a perl subroutine for the specified macros rather than autoload with the constant() subroutine. These macros are assumed to have a return type of B<char *>, e.g., S<-s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid>. =item B<-t>, B<--default-type>=I<type> Specify the internal type that the constant() mechanism uses for macros. The default is IV (signed integer). Currently all macros found during the header scanning process will be assumed to have this type. Future versions of C<h2xs> may gain the ability to make educated guesses. =item B<--use-new-tests> When B<--compat-version> (B<-b>) is present the generated tests will use C<Test::More> rather than C<Test> which is the default for versions before 5.6.2. C<Test::More> will be added to PREREQ_PM in the generated C<Makefile.PL>. =item B<--use-old-tests> Will force the generation of test code that uses the older C<Test> module. =item B<--skip-exporter> Do not use C<Exporter> and/or export any symbol. =item B<--skip-ppport> Do not use C<Devel::PPPort>: no portability to older version. =item B<--skip-autoloader> Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>; but keep the constant() function and C<sub AUTOLOAD> for constants. =item B<--skip-strict> Do not use the pragma C<strict>. =item B<--skip-warnings> Do not use the pragma C<warnings>. =item B<-v>, B<--version>=I<version> Specify a version number for this extension. This version number is added to the templates. The default is 0.01, or 0.00_01 if C<-B> is specified. The version specified should be numeric. =item B<-x>, B<--autogen-xsubs> Automatically generate XSUBs basing on function declarations in the header file. The package C<C::Scan> should be installed. If this option is specified, the name of the header file may look like C<NAME1,NAME2>. In this case NAME1 is used instead of the specified string, but XSUBs are emitted only for the declarations included from file NAME2. Note that some types of arguments/return-values for functions may result in XSUB-declarations/typemap-entries which need hand-editing. Such may be objects which cannot be converted from/to a pointer (like C<long long>), pointers to functions, or arrays. See also the section on L</LIMITATIONS of B<-x>>. =back =head1 EXAMPLES # Default behavior, extension is Rusers h2xs rpcsvc/rusers # Same, but extension is RUSERS h2xs -n RUSERS rpcsvc/rusers # Extension is rpcsvc::rusers. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h> h2xs rpcsvc::rusers # Extension is ONC::RPC. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h> h2xs -n ONC::RPC rpcsvc/rusers # Without constant() or AUTOLOAD h2xs -c rpcsvc/rusers # Creates templates for an extension named RPC h2xs -cfn RPC # Extension is ONC::RPC. h2xs -cfn ONC::RPC # Extension is a pure Perl module with no XS code. h2xs -X My::Module # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03. # Constants are created for all #defines and enums h2xs can find # in foo.h. h2xs -b 5.5.3 -n Lib::Foo foo.h # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03. # Constants are created for all #defines but only for enums # whose names do not start with 'bar_'. h2xs -b 5.5.3 -e '^bar_' -n Lib::Foo foo.h # Makefile.PL will look for library -lrpc in # additional directory /opt/net/lib h2xs rpcsvc/rusers -L/opt/net/lib -lrpc # Extension is DCE::rgynbase # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ dce/rgynbase # Extension is DCE::rgynbase # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names # subroutines are created for sec_rgy_wildcard_name and # sec_rgy_wildcard_sid h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ \ -s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid dce/rgynbase # Make XS without defines in perl.h, but with function declarations # visible from perl.h. Name of the extension is perl1. # When scanning perl.h, define -DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT(x)= # Extra backslashes below because the string is passed to shell. # Note that a directory with perl header files would # be added automatically to include path. h2xs -xAn perl1 -F "-DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT\(x\)=" perl.h # Same with function declaration in proto.h as visible from perl.h. h2xs -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h # Same but select only functions which match /^av_/ h2xs -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h # Same but treat SV* etc as "opaque" types h2xs -o '^[S]V \*$' -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h =head2 Extension based on F<.h> and F<.c> files Suppose that you have some C files implementing some functionality, and the corresponding header files. How to create an extension which makes this functionality accessible in Perl? The example below assumes that the header files are F<interface_simple.h> and I<interface_hairy.h>, and you want the perl module be named as C<Ext::Ension>. If you need some preprocessor directives and/or linking with external libraries, see the flags C<-F>, C<-L> and C<-l> in L<"OPTIONS">. =over =item Find the directory name Start with a dummy run of h2xs: h2xs -Afn Ext::Ension The only purpose of this step is to create the needed directories, and let you know the names of these directories. From the output you can see that the directory for the extension is F<Ext/Ension>. =item Copy C files Copy your header files and C files to this directory F<Ext/Ension>. =item Create the extension Run h2xs, overwriting older autogenerated files: h2xs -Oxan Ext::Ension interface_simple.h interface_hairy.h h2xs looks for header files I<after> changing to the extension directory, so it will find your header files OK. =item Archive and test As usual, run cd Ext/Ension perl Makefile.PL make dist make make test =item Hints It is important to do C<make dist> as early as possible. This way you can easily merge(1) your changes to autogenerated files if you decide to edit your C<.h> files and rerun h2xs. Do not forget to edit the documentation in the generated F<.pm> file. Consider the autogenerated files as skeletons only, you may invent better interfaces than what h2xs could guess. Consider this section as a guideline only, some other options of h2xs may better suit your needs. =back =head1 ENVIRONMENT No environment variables are used. =head1 AUTHOR Larry Wall and others =head1 SEE ALSO L<perl>, L<perlxstut>, L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>, and L<AutoLoader>. =head1 DIAGNOSTICS The usual warnings if it cannot read or write the files involved. =head1 LIMITATIONS of B<-x> F<h2xs> would not distinguish whether an argument to a C function which is of the form, say, C<int *>, is an input, output, or input/output parameter. In particular, argument declarations of the form int foo(n) int *n should be better rewritten as int foo(n) int &n if C<n> is an input parameter. Additionally, F<h2xs> has no facilities to intuit that a function int foo(addr,l) char *addr int l takes a pair of address and length of data at this address, so it is better to rewrite this function as int foo(sv) SV *addr PREINIT: STRLEN len; char *s; CODE: s = SvPV(sv,len); RETVAL = foo(s, len); OUTPUT: RETVAL or alternately static int my_foo(SV *sv) { STRLEN len; char *s = SvPV(sv,len); return foo(s, len); } MODULE = foo PACKAGE = foo PREFIX = my_ int foo(sv) SV *sv See L<perlxs> and L<perlxstut> for additional details. =cut # ' # Grr use strict; my( $H2XS_VERSION ) = ' $Revision: 1.23 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/; my $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.01'; my @ARGS = @ARGV; my $compat_version = $]; use Getopt::Long; use Config; use Text::Wrap; $Text::Wrap::huge = 'overflow'; $Text::Wrap::columns = 80; use ExtUtils::Constant qw (WriteConstants WriteMakefileSnippet autoload); use File::Compare; use File::Path; sub usage { warn "@_\n" if @_; die <<EOFUSAGE; h2xs [OPTIONS ... ] [headerfile [extra_libraries]] version: $H2XS_VERSION OPTIONS: -A, --omit-autoload Omit all autoloading facilities (implies -c). -B, --beta-version Use beta \$VERSION of 0.00_01 (ignored if -v). -C, --omit-changes Omit creating the Changes file, add HISTORY heading to stub POD. -F, --cpp-flags Additional flags for C preprocessor/compile. -M, --func-mask Mask to select C functions/macros (default is select all). -O, --overwrite-ok Allow overwriting of a pre-existing extension directory. -P, --omit-pod Omit the stub POD section. -X, --omit-XS Omit the XS portion (implies both -c and -f). -a, --gen-accessors Generate get/set accessors for struct and union members (used with -x). -b, --compat-version Specify a perl version to be backwards compatible with. -c, --omit-constant Omit the constant() function and specialised AUTOLOAD from the XS file. -d, --debugging Turn on debugging messages. -e, --omit-enums Omit constants from enums in the constant() function. If a pattern is given, only the matching enums are ignored. -f, --force Force creation of the extension even if the C header does not exist. -g, --global Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file. -h, -?, --help Display this help message. -k, --omit-const-func Omit 'const' attribute on function arguments (used with -x). -m, --gen-tied-var Generate tied variables for access to declared variables. -n, --name Specify a name to use for the extension (recommended). -o, --opaque-re Regular expression for \"opaque\" types. -p, --remove-prefix Specify a prefix which should be removed from the Perl function names. -s, --const-subs Create subroutines for specified macros. -t, --default-type Default type for autoloaded constants (default is IV). --use-new-tests Use Test::More in backward compatible modules. --use-old-tests Use the module Test rather than Test::More. --skip-exporter Do not export symbols. --skip-ppport Do not use portability layer. --skip-autoloader Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>. --skip-strict Do not use the pragma C<strict>. --skip-warnings Do not use the pragma C<warnings>. -v, --version Specify a version number for this extension. -x, --autogen-xsubs Autogenerate XSUBs using C::Scan. --use-xsloader Use XSLoader in backward compatible modules (ignored when used with -X). extra_libraries are any libraries that might be needed for loading the extension, e.g. -lm would try to link in the math library. EOFUSAGE } my ($opt_A, $opt_B, $opt_C, $opt_F, $opt_M, $opt_O, $opt_P, $opt_X, $opt_a, $opt_c, $opt_d, $opt_e, $opt_f, $opt_g, $opt_h, $opt_k, $opt_m, $opt_n, $opt_o, $opt_p, $opt_s, $opt_v, $opt_x, $opt_b, $opt_t, $new_test, $old_test, $skip_exporter, $skip_ppport, $skip_autoloader, $skip_strict, $skip_warnings, $use_xsloader ); Getopt::Long::Configure('bundling'); Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through'); my %options = ( 'omit-autoload|A' => \$opt_A, 'beta-version|B' => \$opt_B, 'omit-changes|C' => \$opt_C, 'cpp-flags|F=s' => \$opt_F, 'func-mask|M=s' => \$opt_M, 'overwrite_ok|O' => \$opt_O, 'omit-pod|P' => \$opt_P, 'omit-XS|X' => \$opt_X, 'gen-accessors|a' => \$opt_a, 'compat-version|b=s' => \$opt_b, 'omit-constant|c' => \$opt_c, 'debugging|d' => \$opt_d, 'omit-enums|e:s' => \$opt_e, 'force|f' => \$opt_f, 'global|g' => \$opt_g, 'help|h|?' => \$opt_h, 'omit-const-func|k' => \$opt_k, 'gen-tied-var|m' => \$opt_m, 'name|n=s' => \$opt_n, 'opaque-re|o=s' => \$opt_o, 'remove-prefix|p=s' => \$opt_p, 'const-subs|s=s' => \$opt_s, 'default-type|t=s' => \$opt_t, 'version|v=s' => \$opt_v, 'autogen-xsubs|x' => \$opt_x, 'use-new-tests' => \$new_test, 'use-old-tests' => \$old_test, 'skip-exporter' => \$skip_exporter, 'skip-ppport' => \$skip_ppport, 'skip-autoloader' => \$skip_autoloader, 'skip-warnings' => \$skip_warnings, 'skip-strict' => \$skip_strict, 'use-xsloader' => \$use_xsloader, ); GetOptions(%options) || usage; usage if $opt_h; if( $opt_b ){ usage "You cannot use -b and -m at the same time.\n" if ($opt_b && $opt_m); $opt_b =~ /^v?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)/ || usage "You must provide the backwards compatibility version in X.Y.Z form. " . "(i.e. 5.5.0)\n"; my ($maj,$min,$sub) = ($1,$2,$3); if ($maj < 5 || ($maj == 5 && $min < 6)) { $compat_version = $sub ? sprintf("%d.%03d%02d",$maj,$min,$sub) : sprintf("%d.%03d", $maj,$min); } else { $compat_version = sprintf("%d.%03d%03d",$maj,$min,$sub); } } else { my ($maj,$min,$sub) = $compat_version =~ /(\d+)\.(\d\d\d)(\d*)/; $sub ||= 0; warn sprintf <<'EOF', $maj,$min,$sub; Defaulting to backwards compatibility with perl %d.%d.%d If you intend this module to be compatible with earlier perl versions, please specify a minimum perl version with the -b option. EOF } if( $opt_B ){ $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.00_01'; } if( $opt_v ){ $TEMPLATE_VERSION = $opt_v; # check if it is numeric my $temp_version = $TEMPLATE_VERSION; my $beta_version = $temp_version =~ s/(\d)_(\d\d)/$1$2/; my $notnum; { local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { $notnum = 1 }; use warnings 'numeric'; $temp_version = 0+$temp_version; } if ($notnum) { my $module = $opt_n || 'Your::Module'; warn <<"EOF"; You have specified a non-numeric version. Unless you supply an appropriate VERSION class method, users may not be able to specify a minimum required version with C<use $module versionnum>. EOF } else { $opt_B = $beta_version; } } # -A implies -c. $skip_autoloader = $opt_c = 1 if $opt_A; # -X implies -c and -f $opt_c = $opt_f = 1 if $opt_X; $opt_t ||= 'IV'; my %const_xsub; %const_xsub = map { $_,1 } split(/,+/, $opt_s) if $opt_s; my $extralibs = ''; my @path_h; while (my $arg = shift) { if ($arg =~ /^-l/i) { $extralibs .= "$arg "; next; } last if $extralibs; push(@path_h, $arg); } usage "Must supply header file or module name\n" unless (@path_h or $opt_n); my $fmask; my $tmask; $fmask = qr{$opt_M} if defined $opt_M; $tmask = qr{$opt_o} if defined $opt_o; my $tmask_all = $tmask && $opt_o eq '.'; if ($opt_x) { eval {require C::Scan; 1} or die <<EOD; C::Scan required if you use -x option. To install C::Scan, execute perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan" EOD unless ($tmask_all) { $C::Scan::VERSION >= 0.70 or die <<EOD; C::Scan v. 0.70 or later required unless you use -o . option. You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}. To install C::Scan, execute perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan" EOD } if (($opt_m || $opt_a) && $C::Scan::VERSION < 0.73) { die <<EOD; C::Scan v. 0.73 or later required to use -m or -a options. You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}. To install C::Scan, execute perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan" EOD } } elsif ($opt_o or $opt_F) { warn <<EOD if $opt_o; Option -o does not make sense without -x. EOD warn <<EOD if $opt_F and $opt_X ; Option -F does not make sense with -X. EOD } my @path_h_ini = @path_h; my ($name, %fullpath, %prefix, %seen_define, %prefixless, %const_names); my $module = $opt_n; if( @path_h ){ use File::Spec; my @paths; my $pre_sub_tri_graphs = 1; if ($^O eq 'VMS') { # Consider overrides of default location # XXXX This is not equivalent to what the older version did: # it was looking at $hadsys header-file per header-file... my($hadsys) = grep s!^sys/!!i , @path_h; @paths = qw( Sys$Library VAXC$Include ); push @paths, ($hadsys ? 'GNU_CC_Include[vms]' : 'GNU_CC_Include[000000]'); push @paths, qw( DECC$Library_Include DECC$System_Include ); } else { @paths = (File::Spec->curdir(), $Config{usrinc}, (split / +/, $Config{locincpth} // ""), '/usr/include'); } foreach my $path_h (@path_h) { $name ||= $path_h; $module ||= do { $name =~ s/\.h$//; if ( $name !~ /::/ ) { $name =~ s#^.*/##; $name = "\u$name"; } $name; }; if( $path_h =~ s#::#/#g && $opt_n ){ warn "Nesting of headerfile ignored with -n\n"; } $path_h .= ".h" unless $path_h =~ /\.h$/; my $fullpath = $path_h; $path_h =~ s/,.*$// if $opt_x; $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath; # Minor trickery: we can't chdir() before we processed the headers # (so know the name of the extension), but the header may be in the # extension directory... my $tmp_path_h = $path_h; my $rel_path_h = $path_h; my @dirs = @paths; if (not -f $path_h) { my $found; for my $dir (@paths) { $found++, last if -f ($path_h = File::Spec->catfile($dir, $tmp_path_h)); } if ($found) { $rel_path_h = $path_h; $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath; } else { (my $epath = $module) =~ s,::,/,g; $epath = File::Spec->catdir('ext', $epath) if -d 'ext'; $rel_path_h = File::Spec->catfile($epath, $tmp_path_h); $path_h = $tmp_path_h; # Used during -x push @dirs, $epath; } } if (!$opt_c) { die "Can't find $tmp_path_h in @dirs\n" if ( ! $opt_f && ! -f "$rel_path_h" ); # Scan the header file (we should deal with nested header files) # Record the names of simple #define constants into const_names # Function prototypes are processed below. open(CH, "<", "$rel_path_h") || die "Can't open $rel_path_h: $!\n"; defines: while (<CH>) { if ($pre_sub_tri_graphs) { # Preprocess all tri-graphs # including things stuck in quoted string constants. s/\?\?=/#/g; # | ??=| #| s/\?\?\!/|/g; # | ??!| || s/\?\?'/^/g; # | ??'| ^| s/\?\?\(/[/g; # | ??(| [| s/\?\?\)/]/g; # | ??)| ]| s/\?\?\-/~/g; # | ??-| ~| s/\?\?\//\\/g; # | ??/| \| s/\?\?</{/g; # | ??<| {| s/\?\?>/}/g; # | ??>| }| } if (/^[ \t]*#[ \t]*define\s+([\$\w]+)\b(?!\()\s*(?=[^"\s])(.*)/) { my $def = $1; my $rest = $2; $rest =~ s!/\*.*?(\*/|\n)|//.*!!g; # Remove comments $rest =~ s/^\s+//; $rest =~ s/\s+$//; if ($rest eq '') { print("Skip empty $def\n") if $opt_d; next defines; } # Cannot do: (-1) and ((LHANDLE)3) are OK: #print("Skip non-wordy $def => $rest\n"), # next defines if $rest =~ /[^\w\$]/; if ($rest =~ /"/) { print("Skip stringy $def => $rest\n") if $opt_d; next defines; } print "Matched $_ ($def)\n" if $opt_d; $seen_define{$def} = $rest; $_ = $def; next if /^_.*_h_*$/i; # special case, but for what? if (defined $opt_p) { if (!/^$opt_p(\d)/) { ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p//; } else { warn "can't remove $opt_p prefix from '$_'!\n"; } } $prefixless{$def} = $_; if (!$fmask or /$fmask/) { print "... Passes mask of -M.\n" if $opt_d and $fmask; $const_names{$_}++; } } } if (defined $opt_e and !$opt_e) { close(CH); } else { # Work from miniperl too - on "normal" systems my $SEEK_SET = eval 'use Fcntl qw/SEEK_SET/; SEEK_SET' || 0; seek CH, 0, $SEEK_SET; my $src = do { local $/; <CH> }; close CH; no warnings 'uninitialized'; # Remove C and C++ comments $src =~ s#/\*[^*]*\*+([^/*][^*]*\*+)*/|("(\\.|[^"\\])*"|'(\\.|[^'\\])*'|.[^/"'\\]*)#$2#gs; $src =~ s#//.*$##gm; while ($src =~ /\benum\s*([\w_]*)\s*\{\s([^}]+)\}/gsc) { my ($enum_name, $enum_body) = ($1, $2); # skip enums matching $opt_e next if $opt_e && $enum_name =~ /$opt_e/; my $val = 0; for my $item (split /,/, $enum_body) { next if $item =~ /\A\s*\Z/; my ($key, $declared_val) = $item =~ /(\w+)\s*(?:=\s*(.*))?/; $val = defined($declared_val) && length($declared_val) ? $declared_val : 1 + $val; $seen_define{$key} = $val; $const_names{$key} = { name => $key, macro => 1 }; } } # while (...) } # if (!defined $opt_e or $opt_e) } } } # Save current directory so that C::Scan can use it my $cwd = File::Spec->rel2abs( File::Spec->curdir ); # As Ilya suggested, use a name that contains - and then it can't clash with # the names of any packages. A directory 'fallback' will clash with any # new pragmata down the fallback:: tree, but that seems unlikely. my $constscfname = 'const-c.inc'; my $constsxsfname = 'const-xs.inc'; my $fallbackdirname = 'fallback'; my $ext = chdir 'ext' ? 'ext/' : ''; my @modparts = split(/::/,$module); my $modpname = join('-', @modparts); my $modfname = pop @modparts; my $modpmdir = join '/', 'lib', @modparts; my $modpmname = join '/', $modpmdir, $modfname.'.pm'; if ($opt_O) { warn "Overwriting existing $ext$modpname!!!\n" if -e $modpname; } else { die "Won't overwrite existing $ext$modpname\n" if -e $modpname; } -d "$modpname" || mkpath([$modpname], 0, 0775); chdir($modpname) || die "Can't chdir $ext$modpname: $!\n"; my %types_seen; my %std_types; my $fdecls = []; my $fdecls_parsed = []; my $typedef_rex; my %typedefs_pre; my %known_fnames; my %structs; my @fnames; my @fnames_no_prefix; my %vdecl_hash; my @vdecls; if( ! $opt_X ){ # use XS, unless it was disabled unless ($skip_ppport) { require Devel::PPPort; warn "Writing $ext$modpname/ppport.h\n"; Devel::PPPort::WriteFile('ppport.h') || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/ppport.h: $!\n"; } open(XS, ">", "$modfname.xs") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs: $!\n"; if ($opt_x) { warn "Scanning typemaps...\n"; get_typemap(); my @td; my @good_td; my $addflags = $opt_F || ''; foreach my $filename (@path_h) { my $c; my $filter; if ($fullpath{$filename} =~ /,/) { $filename = $`; $filter = $'; } warn "Scanning $filename for functions...\n"; my @styles = $Config{gccversion} ? qw(C++ C9X GNU) : qw(C++ C9X); $c = C::Scan->new('filename' => $filename, 'filename_filter' => $filter, 'add_cppflags' => $addflags, 'c_styles' => \@styles); $c->set('includeDirs' => ["$Config::Config{archlib}/CORE", $cwd]); $c->get('keywords')->{'__restrict'} = 1; push @$fdecls_parsed, @{ $c->get('parsed_fdecls') }; push(@$fdecls, @{$c->get('fdecls')}); push @td, @{$c->get('typedefs_maybe')}; if ($opt_a) { my $structs = $c->get('typedef_structs'); @structs{keys %$structs} = values %$structs; } if ($opt_m) { %vdecl_hash = %{ $c->get('vdecl_hash') }; @vdecls = sort keys %vdecl_hash; for (local $_ = 0; $_ < @vdecls; ++$_) { my $var = $vdecls[$_]; my($type, $post) = @{ $vdecl_hash{$var} }; if (defined $post) { warn "Can't handle variable '$type $var $post', skipping.\n"; splice @vdecls, $_, 1; redo; } $type = normalize_type($type); $vdecl_hash{$var} = $type; } } unless ($tmask_all) { warn "Scanning $filename for typedefs...\n"; my $td = $c->get('typedef_hash'); # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue($td)} or warn $@ if $opt_d; my @f_good_td = grep $td->{$_}[1] eq '', keys %$td; push @good_td, @f_good_td; @typedefs_pre{@f_good_td} = map $_->[0], @$td{@f_good_td}; } } { local $" = '|'; $typedef_rex = qr(\b(?<!struct )(?<!enum )(?:@good_td)\b) if @good_td; } %known_fnames = map @$_[1,3], @$fdecls_parsed; # [1,3] is NAME, FULLTEXT if ($fmask) { my @good; for my $i (0..$#$fdecls_parsed) { next unless $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] =~ /$fmask/; # [1] is NAME push @good, $i; print "... Function $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] passes -M mask.\n" if $opt_d; } $fdecls = [@$fdecls[@good]]; $fdecls_parsed = [@$fdecls_parsed[@good]]; } @fnames = sort map $_->[1], @$fdecls_parsed; # 1 is NAME # Sort declarations: { my %h = map( ($_->[1], $_), @$fdecls_parsed); $fdecls_parsed = [ @h{@fnames} ]; } @fnames_no_prefix = @fnames; @fnames_no_prefix = sort map { ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p(?!\d)//; $_ } @fnames_no_prefix if defined $opt_p; # Remove macros which expand to typedefs print "Typedefs are @td.\n" if $opt_d; my %td = map {($_, $_)} @td; # Add some other possible but meaningless values for macros for my $k (qw(char double float int long short unsigned signed void)) { $td{"$_$k"} = "$_$k" for ('', 'signed ', 'unsigned '); } # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue( [\@td, \%td] ); 1} or warn $@; my $n = 0; my %bad_macs; while (keys %td > $n) { $n = keys %td; my ($k, $v); while (($k, $v) = each %seen_define) { # print("found '$k'=>'$v'\n"), $bad_macs{$k} = $td{$k} = $td{$v} if exists $td{$v}; } } # Now %bad_macs contains names of bad macros for my $k (keys %bad_macs) { delete $const_names{$prefixless{$k}}; print "Ignoring macro $k which expands to a typedef name '$bad_macs{$k}'\n" if $opt_d; } } } my (@const_specs, @const_names); for (sort(keys(%const_names))) { my $v = $const_names{$_}; push(@const_specs, ref($v) ? $v : $_); push(@const_names, $_); } -d $modpmdir || mkpath([$modpmdir], 0, 0775); open(PM, ">", "$modpmname") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modpmname: $!\n"; $" = "\n\t"; warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modpmname\n"; print PM <<"END"; package $module; use $compat_version; END print PM <<"END" unless $skip_strict; use strict; END print PM "use warnings;\n" unless $skip_warnings or $compat_version < 5.006; unless( $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A ){ # we'll have an AUTOLOAD(), and it will have $AUTOLOAD and # will want Carp. print PM <<'END'; use Carp; END } print PM <<'END' unless $skip_exporter; require Exporter; END my $use_Dyna = (not $opt_X and $compat_version < 5.006 and not $use_xsloader); print PM <<"END" if $use_Dyna; # use DynaLoader, unless XS was disabled require DynaLoader; END # Are we using AutoLoader or not? unless ($skip_autoloader) { # no autoloader whatsoever. unless ($opt_c) { # we're doing the AUTOLOAD print PM "use AutoLoader;\n"; } else { print PM "use AutoLoader qw(AUTOLOAD);\n" } } if ( $compat_version < 5.006 ) { my $vars = '$VERSION @ISA'; $vars .= ' @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS' unless $skip_exporter; $vars .= ' $AUTOLOAD' unless $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A; $vars .= ' $XS_VERSION' if $opt_B && !$opt_X; print PM "use vars qw($vars);"; } # Determine @ISA. my @modISA; push @modISA, 'Exporter' unless $skip_exporter; push @modISA, 'DynaLoader' if $use_Dyna; # no XS my $myISA = "our \@ISA = qw(@modISA);"; $myISA =~ s/^our // if $compat_version < 5.006; print PM "\n$myISA\n\n"; my @exported_names = (@const_names, @fnames_no_prefix, map '$'.$_, @vdecls); my $tmp=''; $tmp .= <<"END" unless $skip_exporter; # Items to export into callers namespace by default. Note: do not export # names by default without a very good reason. Use EXPORT_OK instead. # Do not simply export all your public functions/methods/constants. # This allows declaration use $module ':all'; # If you do not need this, moving things directly into \@EXPORT or \@EXPORT_OK # will save memory. our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw( @exported_names ) ] ); our \@EXPORT_OK = ( \@{ \$EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } ); our \@EXPORT = qw( @const_names ); END $tmp .= "our \$VERSION = '$TEMPLATE_VERSION';\n"; if ($opt_B) { $tmp .= "our \$XS_VERSION = \$VERSION;\n" unless $opt_X; $tmp .= "\$VERSION = eval \$VERSION; # see L<perlmodstyle>\n"; } $tmp .= "\n"; $tmp =~ s/^our //mg if $compat_version < 5.006; print PM $tmp; if (@vdecls) { printf PM "our(@{[ join ', ', map '$'.$_, @vdecls ]});\n\n"; } print PM autoload ($module, $compat_version) unless $opt_c or $opt_X; if( ! $opt_X ){ # print bootstrap, unless XS is disabled if ($use_Dyna) { $tmp = <<"END"; bootstrap $module \$VERSION; END } else { $tmp = <<"END"; require XSLoader; XSLoader::load('$module', \$VERSION); END } $tmp =~ s:\$VERSION:\$XS_VERSION:g if $opt_B; print PM $tmp; } # tying the variables can happen only after bootstrap if (@vdecls) { printf PM <<END; { @{[ join "\n", map " _tievar_$_(\$$_);", @vdecls ]} } END } my $after; if( $opt_P ){ # if POD is disabled $after = '__END__'; } else { $after = '=cut'; } print PM <<"END"; # Preloaded methods go here. END print PM <<"END" unless $opt_A; # Autoload methods go after $after, and are processed by the autosplit program. END print PM <<"END"; 1; __END__ END my ($email,$author,$licence); eval { my $username; ($username,$author) = (getpwuid($>))[0,6]; if (defined $username && defined $author) { $author =~ s/,.*$//; # in case of sub fields my $domain = $Config{'mydomain'}; $domain =~ s/^\.//; $email = "$username\@$domain"; } }; $author =~ s/'/\\'/g if defined $author; $author ||= "A. U. Thor"; $email ||= 'a.u.thor@a.galaxy.far.far.away'; $licence = sprintf << "DEFAULT", $^V; Copyright (C) ${\(1900 + (localtime) [5])} by $author This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version %vd or, at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available. DEFAULT my $revhist = ''; $revhist = <<EOT if $opt_C; # #=head1 HISTORY # #=over 8 # #=item $TEMPLATE_VERSION # #Original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options # # @ARGS # #=back # EOT my $exp_doc = $skip_exporter ? '' : <<EOD; # #=head2 EXPORT # #None by default. # EOD if (@const_names and not $opt_P) { $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter; #=head2 Exportable constants # # @{[join "\n ", @const_names]} # EOD } if (defined $fdecls and @$fdecls and not $opt_P) { $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter; #=head2 Exportable functions # EOD # $exp_doc .= <<EOD if $opt_p; #When accessing these functions from Perl, prefix C<$opt_p> should be removed. # #EOD $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter; # @{[join "\n ", @known_fnames{@fnames}]} # EOD } my $meth_doc = ''; if ($opt_x && $opt_a) { my($name, $struct); $meth_doc .= accessor_docs($name, $struct) while ($name, $struct) = each %structs; } # Prefix the default licence with hash symbols. # Is this just cargo cult - it seems that the first thing that happens to this # block is that all the hashes are then s///g out. my $licence_hash = $licence; $licence_hash =~ s/^/#/gm; my $pod; $pod = <<"END" unless $opt_P; ## Below is stub documentation for your module. You'd better edit it! # #=head1 NAME # #$module - Perl extension for blah blah blah # #=head1 SYNOPSIS # # use $module; # blah blah blah # #=head1 DESCRIPTION # #Stub documentation for $module, created by h2xs. It looks like the #author of the extension was negligent enough to leave the stub #unedited. # #Blah blah blah. $exp_doc$meth_doc$revhist # #=head1 SEE ALSO # #Mention other useful documentation such as the documentation of #related modules or operating system documentation (such as man pages #in UNIX), or any relevant external documentation such as RFCs or #standards. # #If you have a mailing list set up for your module, mention it here. # #If you have a web site set up for your module, mention it here. # #=head1 AUTHOR # #$author, E<lt>${email}E<gt> # #=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE # $licence_hash # #=cut END $pod =~ s/^\#//gm unless $opt_P; print PM $pod unless $opt_P; close PM; if( ! $opt_X ){ # print XS, unless it is disabled warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs\n"; print XS <<"END"; #define PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT #include "EXTERN.h" #include "perl.h" #include "XSUB.h" END print XS <<"END" unless $skip_ppport; #include "ppport.h" END if( @path_h ){ foreach my $path_h (@path_h_ini) { my($h) = $path_h; $h =~ s#^/usr/include/##; if ($^O eq 'VMS') { $h =~ s#.*vms\]#sys/# or $h =~ s#.*[:>\]]##; } print XS qq{#include <$h>\n}; } print XS "\n"; } print XS <<"END" if $opt_g; /* Global Data */ #define MY_CXT_KEY "${module}::_guts" XS_VERSION typedef struct { /* Put Global Data in here */ int dummy; /* you can access this elsewhere as MY_CXT.dummy */ } my_cxt_t; START_MY_CXT END my %pointer_typedefs; my %struct_typedefs; sub td_is_pointer { my $type = shift; my $out = $pointer_typedefs{$type}; return $out if defined $out; my $otype = $type; $out = ($type =~ /\*$/); # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef if (not $out and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) { $type = normalize_type($type); print "Is-Pointer: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n" if $opt_d; $out = td_is_pointer($type); } return ($pointer_typedefs{$otype} = $out); } sub td_is_struct { my $type = shift; my $out = $struct_typedefs{$type}; return $out if defined $out; my $otype = $type; $out = ($type =~ /^(struct|union)\b/) && !td_is_pointer($type); # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef if (not $out and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) { $type = normalize_type($type); print "Is-Struct: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n" if $opt_d; $out = td_is_struct($type); } return ($struct_typedefs{$otype} = $out); } print_tievar_subs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_}) for @vdecls; if( ! $opt_c ) { # We write the "sample" files used when this module is built by perl without # ExtUtils::Constant. # h2xs will later check that these are the same as those generated by the # code embedded into Makefile.PL unless (-d $fallbackdirname) { mkdir "$fallbackdirname" or die "Cannot mkdir $fallbackdirname: $!\n"; } warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constscfname\n"; warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constsxsfname\n"; my $cfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constscfname); my $xsfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constsxsfname); WriteConstants ( C_FILE => $cfallback, XS_FILE => $xsfallback, DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t, NAME => $module, NAMES => \@const_specs, ); print XS "#include \"$constscfname\"\n"; } my $prefix = defined $opt_p ? "PREFIX = $opt_p" : ''; # Now switch from C to XS by issuing the first MODULE declaration: print XS <<"END"; MODULE = $module PACKAGE = $module $prefix END # If a constant() function was #included then output a corresponding # XS declaration: print XS "INCLUDE: $constsxsfname\n" unless $opt_c; print XS <<"END" if $opt_g; BOOT: { MY_CXT_INIT; /* If any of the fields in the my_cxt_t struct need to be initialised, do it here. */ } END foreach (sort keys %const_xsub) { print XS <<"END"; char * $_() CODE: #ifdef $_ RETVAL = $_; #else croak("Your vendor has not defined the $module macro $_"); #endif OUTPUT: RETVAL END } my %seen_decl; my %typemap; sub print_decl { my $fh = shift; my $decl = shift; my ($type, $name, $args) = @$decl; return if $seen_decl{$name}++; # Need to do the same for docs as well? my @argnames = map {$_->[1]} @$args; my @argtypes = map { normalize_type( $_->[0], 1 ) } @$args; if ($opt_k) { s/^\s*const\b\s*// for @argtypes; } my @argarrays = map { $_->[4] || '' } @$args; my $numargs = @$args; if ($numargs and $argtypes[-1] eq '...') { $numargs--; $argnames[-1] = '...'; } local $" = ', '; $type = normalize_type($type, 1); print $fh <<"EOP"; $type $name(@argnames) EOP for my $arg (0 .. $numargs - 1) { print $fh <<"EOP"; $argtypes[$arg] $argnames[$arg]$argarrays[$arg] EOP } } sub print_tievar_subs { my($fh, $name, $type) = @_; print $fh <<END; I32 _get_$name(IV index, SV *sv) { dSP; PUSHMARK(SP); XPUSHs(sv); PUTBACK; (void)call_pv("$module\::_get_$name", G_DISCARD); return (I32)0; } I32 _set_$name(IV index, SV *sv) { dSP; PUSHMARK(SP); XPUSHs(sv); PUTBACK; (void)call_pv("$module\::_set_$name", G_DISCARD); return (I32)0; } END } sub print_tievar_xsubs { my($fh, $name, $type) = @_; print $fh <<END; void _tievar_$name(sv) SV* sv PREINIT: struct ufuncs uf; CODE: uf.uf_val = &_get_$name; uf.uf_set = &_set_$name; uf.uf_index = (IV)&_get_$name; sv_magic(sv, 0, 'U', (char*)&uf, sizeof(uf)); void _get_$name(THIS) $type THIS = NO_INIT CODE: THIS = $name; OUTPUT: SETMAGIC: DISABLE THIS void _set_$name(THIS) $type THIS CODE: $name = THIS; END } sub print_accessors { my($fh, $name, $struct) = @_; return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/; $name = normalize_type($name); my $ptrname = normalize_type("$name *"); print $fh <<"EOF"; MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name} $prefix $name * _to_ptr(THIS) $name THIS = NO_INIT PROTOTYPE: \$ CODE: if (sv_derived_from(ST(0), "$name")) { STRLEN len; char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV(ST(0)), len); if (len != sizeof(THIS)) croak("Size \%d of packed data != expected \%d", len, sizeof(THIS)); RETVAL = ($name *)s; } else croak("THIS is not of type $name"); OUTPUT: RETVAL $name new(CLASS) char *CLASS = NO_INIT PROTOTYPE: \$ CODE: Zero((void*)&RETVAL, sizeof(RETVAL), char); OUTPUT: RETVAL MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name}Ptr $prefix EOF my @items = @$struct; while (@items) { my $item = shift @items; if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) { if (defined $item->[2]) { push @items, map [ @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]", ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} }; } else { push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} }; } } else { my $type = normalize_type($item->[0]); my $ttype = $structs{$type} ? normalize_type("$type *") : $type; print $fh <<"EOF"; $ttype $item->[2](THIS, __value = NO_INIT) $ptrname THIS $type __value PROTOTYPE: \$;\$ CODE: if (items > 1) THIS->$item->[-1] = __value; RETVAL = @{[ $type eq $ttype ? "THIS->$item->[-1]" : "&(THIS->$item->[-1])" ]}; OUTPUT: RETVAL EOF } } } sub accessor_docs { my($name, $struct) = @_; return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/; $name = normalize_type($name); my $ptrname = $name . 'Ptr'; my @items = @$struct; my @list; while (@items) { my $item = shift @items; if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) { if (defined $item->[2]) { push @items, map [ @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]", ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} }; } else { push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} }; } } else { push @list, $item->[2]; } } my $methods = (join '(...)>, C<', @list) . '(...)'; my $pod = <<"EOF"; # #=head2 Object and class methods for C<$name>/C<$ptrname> # #The principal Perl representation of a C object of type C<$name> is an #object of class C<$ptrname> which is a reference to an integer #representation of a C pointer. To create such an object, one may use #a combination # # my \$buffer = $name->new(); # my \$obj = \$buffer->_to_ptr(); # #This exercises the following two methods, and an additional class #C<$name>, the internal representation of which is a reference to a #packed string with the C structure. Keep in mind that \$buffer should #better survive longer than \$obj. # #=over # #=item C<\$object_of_type_$name-E<gt>_to_ptr()> # #Converts an object of type C<$name> to an object of type C<$ptrname>. # #=item C<$name-E<gt>new()> # #Creates an empty object of type C<$name>. The corresponding packed #string is zeroed out. # #=item C<$methods> # #return the current value of the corresponding element if called #without additional arguments. Set the element to the supplied value #(and return the new value) if called with an additional argument. # #Applicable to objects of type C<$ptrname>. # #=back # EOF $pod =~ s/^\#//gm; return $pod; } # Should be called before any actual call to normalize_type(). sub get_typemap { # We do not want to read ./typemap by obvios reasons. my @tm = qw(../../../typemap ../../typemap ../typemap); my $stdtypemap = "$Config::Config{privlib}/ExtUtils/typemap"; unshift @tm, $stdtypemap; my $proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;') . "]" ; # Start with useful default values $typemap{float} = 'T_NV'; foreach my $typemap (@tm) { next unless -e $typemap ; # skip directories, binary files etc. warn " Scanning $typemap\n"; warn("Warning: ignoring non-text typemap file '$typemap'\n"), next unless -T $typemap ; open(TYPEMAP, "<", $typemap) or warn ("Warning: could not open typemap file '$typemap': $!\n"), next; my $mode = 'Typemap'; while (<TYPEMAP>) { next if /^\s*\#/; if (/^INPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Input'; next; } elsif (/^OUTPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Output'; next; } elsif (/^TYPEMAP\s*$/) { $mode = 'Typemap'; next; } elsif ($mode eq 'Typemap') { next if /^\s*($|\#)/ ; my ($type, $image); if ( ($type, $image) = /^\s*(.*?\S)\s+(\S+)\s*($proto_re*)\s*$/o # This may reference undefined functions: and not ($image eq 'T_PACKED' and $typemap eq $stdtypemap)) { $typemap{normalize_type($type)} = $image; } } } close(TYPEMAP) or die "Cannot close $typemap: $!"; } %std_types = %types_seen; %types_seen = (); } sub normalize_type { # Second arg: do not strip const's before \* my $type = shift; my $do_keep_deep_const = shift; # If $do_keep_deep_const this is heuristic only my $keep_deep_const = ($do_keep_deep_const ? '\b(?![^(,)]*\*)' : ''); my $ignore_mods = "(?:\\b(?:(?:__const__|const)$keep_deep_const|static|inline|__inline__)\\b\\s*)*"; if ($do_keep_deep_const) { # Keep different compiled /RExen/o separately! $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go; } else { $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go; } $type =~ s/([^\s\w])/ $1 /g; $type =~ s/\s+$//; $type =~ s/^\s+//; $type =~ s/\s+/ /g; $type =~ s/\* (?=\*)/*/g; $type =~ s/\. \. \./.../g; $type =~ s/ ,/,/g; $types_seen{$type}++ unless $type eq '...' or $type eq 'void' or $std_types{$type}; $type; } my $need_opaque; sub assign_typemap_entry { my $type = shift; my $otype = $type; my $entry; if ($tmask and $type =~ /$tmask/) { print "Type $type matches -o mask\n" if $opt_d; $entry = (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ"); } elsif ($typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) { $type = normalize_type $type; print "Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n" if $opt_d; $entry = assign_typemap_entry($type); } # XXX good do better if our UV happens to be long long return "T_NV" if $type =~ /^(unsigned\s+)?long\s+(long|double)\z/; $entry ||= $typemap{$otype} || (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ"); $typemap{$otype} = $entry; $need_opaque = 1 if $entry eq "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT"; return $entry; } for (@vdecls) { print_tievar_xsubs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_}); } if ($opt_x) { for my $decl (@$fdecls_parsed) { print_decl(\*XS, $decl) } if ($opt_a) { while (my($name, $struct) = each %structs) { print_accessors(\*XS, $name, $struct); } } } close XS; if (%types_seen) { my $type; warn "Writing $ext$modpname/typemap\n"; open TM, ">", "typemap" or die "Cannot open typemap file for write: $!"; for $type (sort keys %types_seen) { my $entry = assign_typemap_entry $type; print TM $type, "\t" x (5 - int((length $type)/8)), "\t$entry\n" } print TM <<'EOP' if $need_opaque; # Older Perls do not have correct entry ############################################################################# INPUT T_OPAQUE_STRUCT if (sv_derived_from($arg, \"${ntype}\")) { STRLEN len; char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV($arg), len); if (len != sizeof($var)) croak(\"Size %d of packed data != expected %d\", len, sizeof($var)); $var = *($type *)s; } else croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\") ############################################################################# OUTPUT T_OPAQUE_STRUCT sv_setref_pvn($arg, \"${ntype}\", (char *)&$var, sizeof($var)); EOP close TM or die "Cannot close typemap file for write: $!"; } } # if( ! $opt_X ) warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL\n"; open(PL, ">", "Makefile.PL") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n"; my $prereq_pm = ''; if ( $compat_version < 5.006002 and $new_test ) { $prereq_pm .= q%'Test::More' => 0, %; } elsif ( $compat_version < 5.006002 ) { $prereq_pm .= q%'Test' => 0, %; } if (!$opt_X and $use_xsloader) { $prereq_pm .= q%'XSLoader' => 0, %; } print PL <<"END"; use $compat_version; use ExtUtils::MakeMaker; # See lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm for details of how to influence # the contents of the Makefile that is written. WriteMakefile( NAME => '$module', VERSION_FROM => '$modpmname', # finds \$VERSION, requires EU::MM from perl >= 5.5 PREREQ_PM => {$prereq_pm}, # e.g., Module::Name => 1.1 ABSTRACT_FROM => '$modpmname', # retrieve abstract from module AUTHOR => '$author <$email>', #LICENSE => 'perl', #Value must be from legacy list of licenses here #https://metacpan.org/pod/Module::Build::API END if (!$opt_X) { # print C stuff, unless XS is disabled $opt_F = '' unless defined $opt_F; my $I = (((glob '*.h') || (glob '*.hh')) ? '-I.' : ''); my $Ihelp = ($I ? '-I. ' : ''); my $Icomment = ($I ? '' : <<EOC); # Insert -I. if you add *.h files later: EOC print PL <<END; LIBS => ['$extralibs'], # e.g., '-lm' DEFINE => '$opt_F', # e.g., '-DHAVE_SOMETHING' $Icomment INC => '$I', # e.g., '${Ihelp}-I/usr/include/other' END my $C = grep {$_ ne "$modfname.c"} (glob '*.c'), (glob '*.cc'), (glob '*.C'); my $Cpre = ($C ? '' : '# '); my $Ccomment = ($C ? '' : <<EOC); # Un-comment this if you add C files to link with later: EOC print PL <<END; $Ccomment ${Cpre}OBJECT => '\$(O_FILES)', # link all the C files too END } # ' # Grr print PL ");\n"; if (!$opt_c) { my $generate_code = WriteMakefileSnippet ( C_FILE => $constscfname, XS_FILE => $constsxsfname, DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t, NAME => $module, NAMES => \@const_specs, ); print PL <<"END"; if (eval {require ExtUtils::Constant; 1}) { # If you edit these definitions to change the constants used by this module, # you will need to use the generated $constscfname and $constsxsfname # files to replace their "fallback" counterparts before distributing your # changes. $generate_code } else { use File::Copy; use File::Spec; foreach my \$file ('$constscfname', '$constsxsfname') { my \$fallback = File::Spec->catfile('$fallbackdirname', \$file); copy (\$fallback, \$file) or die "Can't copy \$fallback to \$file: \$!"; } } END eval $generate_code; if ($@) { warn <<"EOM"; Attempting to test constant code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $generate_code __END__ gave unexpected error $@ Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION using the issue tracker at https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues. EOM } else { my $fail; foreach my $file ($constscfname, $constsxsfname) { my $fallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $file); if (compare($file, $fallback)) { warn << "EOM"; Files "$ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$file" and "$ext$modpname/$file" differ. EOM $fail++; } } if ($fail) { warn fill ('','', <<"EOM") . "\n"; It appears that the code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL does not autogenerate the files $ext$modpname/$constscfname and $ext$modpname/$constsxsfname correctly. Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION using the issue tracker at https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues. EOM } else { unlink $constscfname, $constsxsfname; } } } close(PL) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n"; # Create a simple README since this is a CPAN requirement # and it doesn't hurt to have one warn "Writing $ext$modpname/README\n"; open(RM, ">", "README") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/README:$!\n"; my $thisyear = (gmtime)[5] + 1900; my $rmhead = "$modpname version $TEMPLATE_VERSION"; my $rmheadeq = "=" x length($rmhead); my $rm_prereq; if ( $compat_version < 5.006002 and $new_test ) { $rm_prereq = 'Test::More'; } elsif ( $compat_version < 5.006002 ) { $rm_prereq = 'Test'; } else { $rm_prereq = 'blah blah blah'; } print RM <<_RMEND_; $rmhead $rmheadeq The README is used to introduce the module and provide instructions on how to install the module, any machine dependencies it may have (for example C compilers and installed libraries) and any other information that should be provided before the module is installed. A README file is required for CPAN modules since CPAN extracts the README file from a module distribution so that people browsing the archive can use it get an idea of the modules uses. It is usually a good idea to provide version information here so that people can decide whether fixes for the module are worth downloading. INSTALLATION To install this module type the following: perl Makefile.PL make make test make install DEPENDENCIES This module requires these other modules and libraries: $rm_prereq COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE Put the correct copyright and licence information here. $licence _RMEND_ close(RM) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/README: $!\n"; my $testdir = "t"; my $testfile = "$testdir/$modpname.t"; unless (-d "$testdir") { mkdir "$testdir" or die "Cannot mkdir $testdir: $!\n"; } warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$testfile\n"; my $tests = @const_names ? 2 : 1; open EX, ">", "$testfile" or die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n"; print EX <<_END_; # Before 'make install' is performed this script should be runnable with # 'make test'. After 'make install' it should work as 'perl $modpname.t' ######################### # change 'tests => $tests' to 'tests => last_test_to_print'; use strict; use warnings; _END_ my $test_mod = 'Test::More'; if ( $old_test or ($compat_version < 5.006002 and not $new_test )) { my $test_mod = 'Test'; print EX <<_END_; use Test; BEGIN { plan tests => $tests }; use $module; ok(1); # If we made it this far, we're ok. _END_ if (@const_names) { my $const_names = join " ", @const_names; print EX <<'_END_'; my $fail; foreach my $constname (qw( _END_ print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names); print EX (")) {\n"); print EX <<_END_; next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1"); if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) { print "# pass: \$\@"; } else { print "# fail: \$\@"; \$fail = 1; } } if (\$fail) { print "not ok 2\\n"; } else { print "ok 2\\n"; } _END_ } } else { print EX <<_END_; use Test::More tests => $tests; BEGIN { use_ok('$module') }; _END_ if (@const_names) { my $const_names = join " ", @const_names; print EX <<'_END_'; my $fail = 0; foreach my $constname (qw( _END_ print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names); print EX (")) {\n"); print EX <<_END_; next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1"); if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) { print "# pass: \$\@"; } else { print "# fail: \$\@"; \$fail = 1; } } ok( \$fail == 0 , 'Constants' ); _END_ } } print EX <<_END_; ######################### # Insert your test code below, the $test_mod module is use()ed here so read # its man page ( perldoc $test_mod ) for help writing this test script. _END_ close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n"; unless ($opt_C) { warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Changes\n"; $" = ' '; open(EX, ">", "Changes") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n"; @ARGS = map {/[\s\"\'\`\$*?^|&<>\[\]\{\}\(\)]/ ? "'$_'" : $_} @ARGS; print EX <<EOP; Revision history for Perl extension $module. $TEMPLATE_VERSION @{[scalar localtime]} \t- original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options \t\t@ARGS EOP close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n"; } warn "Writing $ext$modpname/MANIFEST\n"; open(MANI, '>', 'MANIFEST') or die "Can't create MANIFEST: $!"; my @files = grep { -f } (<*>, <t/*>, <$fallbackdirname/*>, <$modpmdir/*>); if (!@files) { eval {opendir(D,'.');}; unless ($@) { @files = readdir(D); closedir(D); } } if (!@files) { @files = map {chomp && $_} `ls`; } if ($^O eq 'VMS') { foreach (@files) { # Clip trailing '.' for portability -- non-VMS OSs don't expect it s%\.$%%; # Fix up for case-sensitive file systems s/$modfname/$modfname/i && next; $_ = "\U$_" if $_ eq 'manifest' or $_ eq 'changes'; $_ = 'Makefile.PL' if $_ eq 'makefile.pl'; } } print MANI join("\n",@files), "\n"; close MANI;
Close